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Volume:4 Issue:19
October 05, 2014
Cancer Biology
Hypoxia Studies with Pimonidazole
in vivo
Authors:
Kristina Y. Aguilera
Kristina Y. Aguilera
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Dallas, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1691
and
Rolf A. Brekken
Rolf A. Brekken
Affiliation 1:
Department of Surgery, Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Dallas, USA
Affiliation 2:
Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
For correspondence:
rolf.brekken@utsouthwestern.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1692
,
date: 10/5/2014, 8214 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1254
[Abstract] Therapy-induced hypoxia drives changes in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to the poor response to therapy. Hypoxia is capable of driving the expression and/or activation of specific signaling cascades (
e.g.
, c-Met, Axl, CTGF), the recruitment ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1254
Immunology
Coagulation Assay
Authors:
Praveen Papareddy
Praveen Papareddy
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
For correspondence:
praveen.papareddy@med.lu.se
Bio-protocol author page:
a1672
,
Martina Kalle
Martina Kalle
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
Bio-protocol author page:
a1673
and
Artur Schmidtchen
Artur Schmidtchen
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
Bio-protocol author page:
a1674
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3544 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1247
[Abstract] Clotting times can be measured by using citrate plasma. The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, monitored by measuring the prothrombin time (PT), and ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1247
Isolation and
in vivo
Transfer of Antigen Presenting Cells
Authors:
Pooja Arora
Pooja Arora
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1709
,
Shalu Sharma Kharkwal
Shalu Sharma Kharkwal
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1710
and
Steven A. Porcelli
Steven A. Porcelli
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
For correspondence:
steven.porcelli@einstein.yu.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1711
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3795 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1260
[Abstract] Transfer of antigen presenting cells
in vivo
is a method used by immunologists to examine the potency of antigen presentation by a selected population of cells. This method is most commonly used to analyze presentation of protein antigens to MHC class ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1260
Microbiology
Chromogenic Substrate Assay for Determining the Activity of Plasma Kallikrein
Authors:
Praveen Papareddy
Praveen Papareddy
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
For correspondence:
praveen.papareddy@med.lu.se
Bio-protocol author page:
a1672
,
Martina Kalle
Martina Kalle
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
Bio-protocol author page:
a1673
and
Artur Schmidtchen
Artur Schmidtchen
Affiliation:
Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Biomedical Center, Lund, Sweden
Bio-protocol author page:
a1674
,
date: 10/5/2014, 2669 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1246
[Abstract] The activation of the intrinsic pathway takes place at negatively charged surfaces, such as bacteria, and involves activation of cogulation Factor XII, which then leads to the activation of plasma kallikrein (PK) and coagulation Factor XI. To determine ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1246
Construction of Glycine Oxidase Mutant Libraries by Random Mutagenesis, Site Directed Mutagenesis and DNA Shuffling
Author:
Tao Zhan
Tao Zhan
Affiliation 1:
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
Affiliation 2:
Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
For correspondence:
zhan_t@tib.cas.cn
Bio-protocol author page:
a1687
,
date: 10/5/2014, 2775 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1252
[Abstract] Glyphosate, a broad spectrum herbicide widely used in agriculture all over the world, inhibits 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase in the shikimate pathway, and glycine oxidase (GO) has been reported to be able to catalyze the oxidative deamination ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1252
Expression and Purification of the
Thermus thermophilus
Argonaute Protein
Authors:
Daan C. Swarts
Daan C. Swarts
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
For correspondence:
daan.swarts@wur.nl
Bio-protocol author page:
a1688
,
Matthijs M. Jore
Matthijs M. Jore
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Bio-protocol author page:
a1689
and
John van der Oost
John van der Oost
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Bio-protocol author page:
a1690
,
date: 10/5/2014, 2879 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1253
[Abstract] The Argonaute protein of
Thermus thermophilus
(
Tt
Ago) has recently been studied in detail. For its
in vitro
characterization,
Tt
Ago was purified after heterologous expression in
Escherichia coli
(
E. coli
). As
Tt
Ago expression is toxic, a tightly controlled ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1253
Neuroscience
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Novel Object Recognition for Studying Memory in Mice
Authors:
Tzyy-Nan Huang
Tzyy-Nan Huang
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
For correspondence:
eugene02@gate.sinica.edu.tw
Bio-protocol author page:
a1680
and
Yi-Ping Hsueh
Yi-Ping Hsueh
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
For correspondence:
yph@gate.sinica.edu.tw
Bio-protocol author page:
a1681
,
date: 10/5/2014, 11837 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1249
[Abstract] Memory tests are important indexes of the brain functions for rodents behavior assay. Many memory tasks require external forces (
e.g.
electric shocks) or intrinsic forces (
e.g.
hunger and thirsty) to trigger the responses. Under those conditions, rodents ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1249
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Two-choice Digging Task in Mouse for Studying the Cognitive Flexibility
Authors:
Hsiu-Chun Chuang
Hsiu-Chun Chuang
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
For correspondence:
hcchuang@imb.sinica.edu.tw
Bio-protocol author page:
a1682
,
Tzyy-Nan Huang
Tzyy-Nan Huang
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
For correspondence:
eugene02@gate.sinica.edu.tw
Bio-protocol author page:
a1680
and
Yi-Ping Hsueh
Yi-Ping Hsueh
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
For correspondence:
yph@gate.sinica.edu.tw
Bio-protocol author page:
a1681
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3534 views,
1 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1250
[Abstract] Cognitive flexibility, the higher-order cognition involving reversal learning, has been defined as having the ability to shift one’s previous thoughts or actions to new situations depending on situational demands. Studies of neuropsychiatric disorders ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1250
In utero
Electroporation of the Embryonic Mouse Retina
Authors:
Francisco Nieto-Lopez
Francisco Nieto-Lopez
Affiliation:
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
Bio-protocol author page:
a1694
and
Luisa Sanchez-Arrones
Luisa Sanchez-Arrones
Affiliation:
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
For correspondence:
luisasanchez@cbm.uam.es
Bio-protocol author page:
a1693
,
date: 10/5/2014, 4657 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1255
[Abstract] This protocol is useful to manipulate gene expression in the embryonic retina and compare the result with the contralateral non electroporated retina. In addition, the electroporation of a membrane or cytoplasmic tagged GFP allows to determine the effects ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1255
Plant Science
Analysis of Total Se Content in Rice
Authors:
Lianhe Zhang
Lianhe Zhang
Affiliation:
Agricultural Faculty, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
For correspondence:
lhzhang2007@126.com
Bio-protocol author page:
a1675
,
Feiyan Yu
Feiyan Yu
Affiliation:
Agricultural Faculty, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
Bio-protocol author page:
a1676
,
Kun Deng
Kun Deng
Affiliation:
Agricultural Faculty, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
Bio-protocol author page:
a1677
,
Bin Hu
Bin Hu
Affiliation:
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Bio-protocol author page:
a1678
and
Chengcai Chu
Chengcai Chu
Affiliation:
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
For correspondence:
ccchu@genetics.ac.cn
Bio-protocol author page:
a1679
,
date: 10/5/2014, 2320 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1248
[Abstract] Total Se content in rice is normally low and it is difficult to determine it exactly because of Se volatilization and pollution during the digestion process. In this method, rice sample is digested thoroughly and Se volatilization is reduced greatly ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1248
Pea Aphid Survival Assays on
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors:
David C. Prince
David C. Prince
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Development Biology, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
Bio-protocol author page:
a1683
,
Sam T. Mugford
Sam T. Mugford
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Development Biology, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
Bio-protocol author page:
a1684
,
Thomas R. Vincent
Thomas R. Vincent
Affiliation:
Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
Bio-protocol author page:
a1685
and
Saskia A. Hogenhout
Saskia A. Hogenhout
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Development Biology, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
For correspondence:
saskia.hogenhout@jic.ac.uk
Bio-protocol author page:
a1686
,
date: 10/5/2014, 2819 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1251
[Abstract] Aphids are phloem-feeding insects that successfully colonize specific host plant species. Aphid performance on a given plant is commonly measured by assessing fecundity of an aphid species that is adapted to the host. However, this approach may not reveal ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1251
Carotenoid Extraction and Quantification from
Capsicum annuum
Authors:
Richard D. Richins
Richard D. Richins
Affiliation:
Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1695
,
James Kilcrease
James Kilcrease
Affiliation:
Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1696
,
Laura Rodgriguez-Uribe
Laura Rodgriguez-Uribe
Affiliation:
Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1697
and
Mary A. O’Connell
Mary A. O’Connell
Affiliation:
Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA
For correspondence:
moconnel@nmsu.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1698
,
date: 10/5/2014, 4001 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1256
[Abstract] Carotenoids are ubiquitous pigments that play key roles in photosynthesis and also accumulate to high levels in fruit and flowers. Specific carotenoids play essential roles in human health as these compounds are precursors for Vitamin A; other specific ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1256
Endogenous ABA Extraction and Measurement from
Arabidopsis
Leaves
Authors:
Ning Liu
Ning Liu
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA
For correspondence:
nliu2@unl.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1699
,
Yong Ding
Yong Ding
Affiliation 1:
School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
Affiliation 2:
Center for Biotechnology and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1700
,
Michael Fromm
Michael Fromm
Affiliation:
School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
Bio-protocol author page:
a1701
and
Zoya Avramova
Zoya Avramova
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1702
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3669 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1257
[Abstract] The endogenous messenger, the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role in plant’s adaption to drought, salinity, cold and other abiotic stresses. In addition to abiotic stress signaling, ABA is involved also in developmental regulation and ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1257
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens
-mediated Transformation of Walnut (
Juglans regia
)
Authors:
Sriema L. Walawage
Sriema L. Walawage
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1703
,
Charles A. Leslie
Charles A. Leslie
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1704
,
Matthew A. Escobar
Matthew A. Escobar
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1587
and
Abhaya M. Dandekar
Abhaya M. Dandekar
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
For correspondence:
amdandekar@ucdavis.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1705
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3539 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1258
[Abstract] Like many woody plant species, walnut (
Juglans regia
) can be difficult to genetically transform and regenerate. However, somatic embryos have been used successfully for over two decades as a target tissue for transformation and regeneration of transgenic ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1258
Localisation and Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in
Arabidopsis
Roots in Response to Fungal Infection
Authors:
Kapuganti J. Gupta
Kapuganti J. Gupta
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
For correspondence:
jagadis.kapuganti@plants.ox.ac.uk
Bio-protocol author page:
a1706
,
Yariv Brotman
Yariv Brotman
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm-Potsdam, Germany
Bio-protocol author page:
a1707
and
Luis A. J. Mur
Luis A. J. Mur
Affiliation:
Institute of Environmental and Rural Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyt, UK
Bio-protocol author page:
a1708
,
date: 10/5/2014, 3734 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1259
[Abstract] Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species have emerged as important signalling molecules in plants. The half-lives of NO and ROS are very short therefore rapid and precise measurements are required for the understanding biological roles of these redox ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1259
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