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Volume:4 Issue:17
September 05, 2014
Biochemistry
Analysis of L- and D-Amino Acids Using UPLC
Authors:
Yuta Mutaguchi
Yuta Mutaguchi
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1644
and
Toshihisa Ohshima
Toshihisa Ohshima
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan
For correspondence:
ohshima@bme.oit.ac.jp
Bio-protocol author page:
a1645
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3935 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1231
[Abstract] With the exception of glycine, α-amino acids are optically active, and two optical isomers (L- and D-) of each amino acid can be formed. Recent developments of analytical techniques have revealed that several free D-amino acids such as D-aspartate, D-serine ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1231
Cell Biology
Dye-uptake Experiment through Connexin Hemichannels
Authors:
Andrea Puhar
Andrea Puhar
Affiliation:
Inserm U786 and Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Paris, France
For correspondence:
andrea.puhar@pasteur.fr
Bio-protocol author page:
a1611
and
Philippe J. Sansonetti
Philippe J. Sansonetti
Affiliation:
Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, Paris, France
Bio-protocol author page:
a1612
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3674 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1221
[Abstract] Connexins (Cxs) are integral membrane proteins of vertebrates that associate to form hexameric transmembrane channels, named hemichannels. Twenty-one Cx types have been described, which are named according to their molecular weight. Cxs are expressed ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1221
Microbiology
Metabolite and Fatty Acid Analysis of Yeast Cells and Culture Supernatants
Authors:
Liwei Chen
Liwei Chen
Affiliation:
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Bio-protocol author page:
a1609
and
Wei Ning Chen
Wei Ning Chen
Affiliation:
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
For correspondence:
wnchen@ntu.edu.sg
Bio-protocol author page:
a1610
,
date: 9/5/2014, 5099 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1219
[Abstract] Metabolite and fatty acid analysis play important roles in evaluating the metabolic state of microorganisms. To examine the growth state and metabolism response of cells to environmental stress or genetic modification, intracellular and extracellular ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1219
Induction of Connexin-hemichannel Opening
Authors:
Andrea Puhar
Andrea Puhar
Affiliation:
Inserm U786 and Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Paris, France
For correspondence:
andrea.puhar@pasteur.fr
Bio-protocol author page:
a1611
and
Philippe J. Sansonetti
Philippe J. Sansonetti
Affiliation:
Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France, Paris, France
Bio-protocol author page:
a1612
,
date: 9/5/2014, 2419 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1220
[Abstract] Connexins (Cxs) are integral membrane proteins of vertebrates that associate to form hexameric transmembrane channels, named hemichannels. Twenty-one Cx types have been described, which are named according to their molecular weight. Cxs are expressed ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1220
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Purification of the GfsA-3x FLAG Protein Expressed in
Aspergillus nidulans
Authors:
Takuji Oka
Takuji Oka
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
For correspondence:
oka@bio.sojo-u.ac.jp
Bio-protocol author page:
a1613
,
Yukako Katafuchi
Yukako Katafuchi
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1614
,
Kohsai Fukuda
Kohsai Fukuda
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1615
,
Keisuke Ekino
Keisuke Ekino
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1616
,
Masatoshi Goto
Masatoshi Goto
Affiliation:
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1617
and
Yoshiyuki Nomura
Yoshiyuki Nomura
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1618
,
date: 9/5/2014, 2647 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1222
[Abstract] GfsA is a fungal β-galactofuranosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of
O
-glycan. To investigate the enzymatic functions of GfsA, we attempted to obtain a recombinant protein of this enzyme from two heterologous host organisms. However, GfsA could ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1222
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Determination of D-galactofuranose Content of Galactomannoproteins in
Aspergillus nidulans
Authors:
Takuji Oka
Takuji Oka
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
For correspondence:
oka@bio.sojo-u.ac.jp
Bio-protocol author page:
a1613
,
Yukako Katafuchi
Yukako Katafuchi
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1614
,
Kohsai Fukuda
Kohsai Fukuda
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1615
,
Keisuke Ekino
Keisuke Ekino
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1616
,
Masatoshi Goto
Masatoshi Goto
Affiliation:
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1617
and
Yoshiyuki Nomura
Yoshiyuki Nomura
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Sojo University, Kumamoto City, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1618
,
date: 9/5/2014, 2136 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1223
[Abstract] Galactofuranose (Gal
f
) is a component of several polysaccharides and glycoconjugates in certain species of filamentous fungi. Gal
f
residues are frequently found in
Aspergillus
glycoproteins, including
N
-glycans and
O
-mannose glycans that modify many ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1223
Iodine Staining of
Escherichia coli
Expressing Genes Involved in the Synthesis of Bacterial Glycogen
Authors:
Ana M. Demonte
Ana M. Demonte
Affiliation:
Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of the Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
Bio-protocol author page:
a1619
,
Matías D. Asención Diez
Matías D. Asención Diez
Affiliation:
National University of the Litoral, National Council for Research in Science and Technology (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
Bio-protocol author page:
a1620
,
Sergio A. Guerrero
Sergio A. Guerrero
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional del Litora, Argentina and Researcher of the National Council of Science (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
Bio-protocol author page:
a1621
,
Miguel A. Ballicora
Miguel A. Ballicora
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University, Chicago, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1622
and
Alberto A. Iglesias
Alberto A. Iglesias
Affiliation:
Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
For correspondence:
iglesias@fbcb.unl.edu.ar
Bio-protocol author page:
a1623
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3276 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1224
[Abstract] The presence of intracellular glycogen can be detected by the following iodine staining technique. Cells with glycogen stain dark brown, whereas in its absence they remain with a pale yellowish color. It is hypothesized that iodine atoms fit into helical ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1224
Evolution of
Escherichia coli
to Macrophage Cell Line
Authors:
Migla Miskinyte
Migla Miskinyte
Affiliation:
Evolutionary Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
Bio-protocol author page:
a1636
and
Isabel Gordo
Isabel Gordo
Affiliation:
Evolutionary Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
For correspondence:
igordo@igc.gulbenkian.pt
Bio-protocol author page:
a1637
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3121 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1227
[Abstract] The genomes of species of
Escherichia coli
(
E. coli
) show an extraordinary amount of diversity, which include commensal strains and strains belonging to different pathovars. Many strains of
E. coli
, which can cause mild or severe pathologies in humans, ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1227
Fitness Measurements of Evolved
Esherichia coli
Authors:
Migla Miskinyte
Migla Miskinyte
Affiliation:
Evolutionary Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
Bio-protocol author page:
a1636
and
Isabel Gordo
Isabel Gordo
Affiliation:
Evolutionary Biology Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
For correspondence:
igordo@igc.gulbenkian.pt
Bio-protocol author page:
a1637
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3214 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1228
[Abstract] Bacteria can adapt very rapidly to novel selective pressures. In the transition from commensalism to pathogenicity bacteria have to face and adapt to the host immune system. Specifically, the antagonistic interaction imposed by one of the first line ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1228
Plant Science
Targeted Gene Mutation in Rice Using a CRISPR-Cas9 System
Authors:
Kabin Xie
Kabin Xie
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1624
,
Bastian Minkenberg
Bastian Minkenberg
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1625
and
Yinong Yang
Yinong Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, USA
For correspondence:
yuy3@psu.edu
Bio-protocol author page:
a1626
,
date: 9/5/2014, 10871 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1225
[Abstract] RNA-guided genome editing (RGE) using bacterial type II cluster regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–associated nuclease (Cas) has emerged as a simple and versatile tool for genome editing in many organisms including plant and crop ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1225
Isolation of Mitochondria from Potato Tubers
Authors:
Jesper F. Havelund
Jesper F. Havelund
Affiliation 1:
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
Affiliation 2:
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
Bio-protocol author page:
a1627
,
Fernanda Salvato
Fernanda Salvato
Affiliation 1:
Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA
Affiliation 2:
Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Bio-protocol author page:
a1628
,
Mingjie Chen
Mingjie Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Colum, Columbia, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1629
,
R.S.P. Rao
R.S.P. Rao
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1630
,
Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska
Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
Bio-protocol author page:
a1631
,
Ole N. Jensen
Ole N. Jensen
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
Bio-protocol author page:
a1632
,
David R. Gang
David R. Gang
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, WA, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1633
,
Jay J. Thelen
Jay J. Thelen
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1634
and
Ian Max Møller
Ian Max Møller
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
For correspondence:
ian.max.moller@agrsci.dk
Bio-protocol author page:
a1635
,
date: 9/5/2014, 5339 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1226
[Abstract] One way to study the function of plant mitochondria is to extract them from plant tissues in an uncontaminated, intact and functional form. The reductionist assumption is that the components present in such a preparation and the
in vitro
measurable functions ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1226
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Centrifuge Microscopy to Analyze the Sedimentary Movements of Amyloplasts
Authors:
Masatsugu Toyota
Masatsugu Toyota
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
Bio-protocol author page:
a1638
,
Norifumi Ikeda
Norifumi Ikeda
Affiliation:
Mechatronics Technology Development Center, NSK Ltd., Fujisawa, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1639
,
Masao Tasaka
Masao Tasaka
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
Bio-protocol author page:
a1640
and
Miyo Terao Morita
Miyo Terao Morita
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
For correspondence:
mimorita@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Bio-protocol author page:
a1641
,
date: 9/5/2014, 2501 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1229
[Abstract] A centrifuge microscope (CMS) functionally consists of a centrifuge producing a centrifugal force (hypergravity condition) and a microscope making an enlarged image of an object. This combination of equipment allows live-cell imaging during centrifugation. ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1229
Gradient Flotation Centrifugation of Chloroplast Membranes
Authors:
Venkatasalam Shanmugabalaji
Venkatasalam Shanmugabalaji
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
For correspondence:
shanmugabalaji.venkatasalam@unige.ch
Bio-protocol author page:
a1642
and
Felix Kessler
Felix Kessler
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Bio-protocol author page:
a1643
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3319 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1230
[Abstract] Plastoglobules are lipoprotein particles physically attached to thylakoids in chloroplasts (Kessler
et al.
, 1999). They are mainly composed of polar lipid, neutral lipids, and proteins (Vidi
et al.
, 2006). Here we used simple sucrose gradient flotation ...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1230
Axenic Culture of
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
and Preparation of
Sclerotinia
Culture Filtrate Elicitor 1 (SCFE1)-containing Fractions, Triggering Immune Responses in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors:
Malou Fraiture
Malou Fraiture
Affiliation:
Communication Service, CRP-Santé, Strassen, Luxembourg
Bio-protocol author page:
a1646
and
Frédéric Brunner
Frédéric Brunner
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
For correspondence:
frederic.brunner@zmbp.uni-tuebingen.de
Bio-protocol author page:
a1647
,
date: 9/5/2014, 3367 views,
0 Q&A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1232
[Abstract] The necrotrophic white mold fungus
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
(
S. sclerotiorum
) is pathogenic to a broad range of plant species, including the Brassicaceae model plant
Arabidopsis thaliana
(Boland and Hall, 1994; Bolton
et al.
, 2006). In
Arabidopsis thaliana
...
Article identifier: bio-protocol.org/e1232
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