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Wheat Root-dip Inoculation with Fusarium graminearum and Assessment of Root Rot Disease Severity

Authors: Qing Wang
Qing Wang Affiliation: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a4241
 and Sven Gottwald
Sven GottwaldAffiliation: Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
For correspondence: sv.gottwald@t-online.de
Bio-protocol author page: a4240
,  date: 3/20/2017, 764 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.2189.

[Abstract] Fusarium graminearum is one of the most common and potent fungal pathogens of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and other cereals, known for causing devastating yield losses and mycotoxin contaminations of food and feed. The pathogen is mainly considered as a paradigm for the floral disease Fusarium head blight, ...

Assessment of Wheat Resistance to Fusarium graminearum by Automated Image Analysis of Detached Leaves Assay

Authors: Alexandre Perochon
Alexandre PerochonAffiliation: University College Dublin Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
For correspondence: alexandre.perochon@ucd.ie
Bio-protocol author page: a3890
 and Fiona M. Doohan
Fiona M. DoohanAffiliation: University College Dublin Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
Bio-protocol author page: a2308
,  date: 12/20/2016, 1458 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.2065.

[Abstract] Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium pathogens is a globally important cereal disease. To study Fusarium pathogenicity and host disease resistance, robust methods for disease assessment and quantification are needed. Here we describe the procedure of a detached leaves assay emphasizing the ...

Highly Accurate Real-time Measurement of Rapid Hydrogen-peroxide Dynamics in Fungi

Authors: Michael Mentges
Michael MentgesAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3933
 and Jörg Bormann
Jörg BormannAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
For correspondence: joerg.bormann@uni-hamburg.de
Bio-protocol author page: a3387
,  date: 12/20/2016, 1210 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.2080.

[Abstract] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are unavoidable by-products of aerobic metabolism. Despite beneficial aspects as a signaling molecule, ROS are principally recognized as harmful agents that act on nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Reactive oxygen species, and, in particular, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ...

Fusarium graminearum Maize Stalk Infection Assay and Associated Microscopic Observation Protocol

Authors: Juan He
Juan HeAffiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
Bio-protocol author page: a3791
, Tinglu Yuan
Tinglu Yuan Affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
Bio-protocol author page: a3792
 and Wei-Hua Tang
Wei-Hua TangAffiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
For correspondence: whtang@sibs.ac.cn
Bio-protocol author page: a2037
,  date: 12/5/2016, 1182 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.2034.

[Abstract] The ascomycete fungus Fusarium graminearum (previously also called Gibberella zeae) causes Gibberella stalk rot in maize (Zea mays) and results in lodging and serious yield reduction. To develop methods to assess the fungal growth and symptom development in maize stalks, we present here a protocol of ...

In vitro Cell Wall Stress Assay for Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Elena Pérez-Nadales
Elena Pérez-NadalesAffiliation: Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: elena.pereznadales@imibic.org
Bio-protocol author page: a3465
 and Antonio Di Pietro
Antonio Di PietroAffiliation: Departamento de Genética, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3466
,  date: 9/5/2016, 1427 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1915.

[Abstract] In this protocol we describe a cell wall stress assay for the fungal pathogen F. oxysporum, based on exposure to the two anionic dyes Calcofluor White (CFW) and Congo Red (CR). Both compounds have been used to exert stress upon the fungal cell wall in vitro (Perez-Nadales and Di Pietro, 2015; Perez-Nadales ...

A Highly Efficient Method for Measuring Oxygen Consumption Rate in Fusarium graminearum

Authors: Daniel Gebhard
Daniel GebhardAffiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3383
, Jakob Bönnighausen
Jakob BönnighausenAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3384
, Jörg Bergemann
Jörg BergemannAffiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3385
, Wilhelm Schäfer
Wilhelm SchäferAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3386
 and Jörg Bormann
Jörg BormannAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
For correspondence: joerg.bormann@uni-hamburg.de
Bio-protocol author page: a3387
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1518 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1887.

[Abstract] The filamentous ascomycete Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight, a devastating disease of cereals with a worldwide distribution. Fusarium graminearum infections result in a quantitative yield reduction by impairing the growth of the kernels, and a qualitative reduction by ...

Antifungal and Zearalenone Inhibitory Activity of Ocimum sanctum L. Essential Oil on Fusarium graminearum Determined by UHPLC and RT-qPCR

Authors: Naveen Kumar Kalagatur
Naveen Kumar KalagaturAffiliation: Food Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3404
, Nirmaladevi Dhamodaran
Nirmaladevi DhamodaranAffiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3405
, Chandranayaka Siddaiah
Chandranayaka SiddaiahAffiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mysore University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3406
, Venkataramana Mudili
Venkataramana MudiliAffiliation: Toxicology and Immunology Division, DRDO-BU-Centre for Life Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
For correspondence: ramana.micro@gmail.com
Bio-protocol author page: a3407
 and Murali Harishchandra Sreepathi
Murali Harishchandra SreepathiAffiliation: Food Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3448
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1433 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1893.

[Abstract] Fusarium graminearum has been given special attention in the context of agricultural commodities due to its ability to grow in diverse climatic conditions, and to produce different mycotoxins including zearalenone (ZEA) and type-B trichothecenes, which cause ill health effects on humans, animals and ...

Quantification of Chitinase Activity in Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
Carmen Ruiz-RoldanAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario, Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: ge2rurom@uco.es
Bio-protocol author page: a3318
 and M. Isabel G. Roncero
M. Isabel G. RonceroAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario, Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3319
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1616 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1882.

[Abstract] Fungal morphogenetic development requires modification and plasticity of the cell wall, which implies synthesis and remodelling of its components, including chitin and glucan. Thus chitinase and glucanase activities are crucial for cell-wall biogenesis and cell division. Quantification of chitinase ...

Establishment of a Fusarium graminearum Infection Model in Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves and Floral Tissues

Authors: Vamsi J Nalam
Vamsi J NalamAffiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN
Bio-protocol author page: a3337
, Sujon Sarowar
Sujon SarowarAffiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX
Bio-protocol author page: a3338
 and Jyoti Shah
Jyoti ShahAffiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX
For correspondence: shah@unt.edu
Bio-protocol author page: a3339
,  date: 7/20/2016, 2027 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1877.

[Abstract] Fusarium graminearum (Fg) is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum), oats (Avena sativa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), which targets the floral tissues and thereby adversely impacts grain yield and quality. Mycotoxins produced by F. graminearum further limit the ...

Determination of Intracellular ATP Levels in Mycelium of Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
Carmen Ruiz-RoldanAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: ge2rurom@uco.es
Bio-protocol author page: a3318
 and M. Isabel G. Roncero
M. Isabel G. RonceroAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3319
,  date: 7/20/2016, 1396 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1869.

[Abstract] Glycolysis provides metabolites for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation during vegetative growth of Fusarium oxysporum. Therefore, determination of intracellular ATP levels might be of valuable help to analyze regulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. The protocol described here ...
1 2 

Visual Assessment of the Severity of Fusarium Seedling Blight (FSB) and Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Disease in Barley

Authors: Shahin S. Ali
Shahin S. AliAffiliation: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Present address: Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, USDA/ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, Beltsville, USA
For correspondence: shahinsharif.ali@gmail.com
Bio-protocol author page: a2307
, Lokanadha R. Gunupuru
Lokanadha R. GunupuruAffiliation: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Bio-protocol author page: a2306
 and Fiona M. Doohan
Fiona M. DoohanAffiliation: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Bio-protocol author page: a2308
,  date: 6/20/2015, 2328 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1507.

[Abstract] Fusarium pathogens are among the most damaging pathogens of cereals. These pathogens have the ability to attack the roots, seedlings, and flowering heads of barley and wheat plants (Simpson et al., 2004). Resulting in yield loss and head blight disease and also resulting in the contamination of grain ...

Quantification of Chitinase Activity in Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
Carmen Ruiz-RoldanAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario, Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: ge2rurom@uco.es
Bio-protocol author page: a3318
 and M. Isabel G. Roncero
M. Isabel G. RonceroAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario, Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3319
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1616 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1882.

[Abstract] Fungal morphogenetic development requires modification and plasticity of the cell wall, which implies synthesis and remodelling of its components, including chitin and glucan. Thus chitinase and glucanase activities are crucial for cell-wall biogenesis and cell division. Quantification of chitinase ...

Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Glucose in Mycelium of Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
Carmen Ruiz-RoldanAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: ge2rurom@uco.es
Bio-protocol author page: a3318
 and M. Isabel G. Roncero
M. Isabel G. RonceroAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3319
,  date: 7/20/2016, 1524 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1868.

[Abstract] To study alterations in the metabolism and/or in the transport of glucose during Fusarium oxysporum vegetative growth, we determined intracellular glucose levels in different fungal strains, as well as the amount of glucose remaining in the supernatants after growth in synthetic medium (SM) supplemented ...

A Highly Efficient Method for Measuring Oxygen Consumption Rate in Fusarium graminearum

Authors: Daniel Gebhard
Daniel GebhardAffiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3383
, Jakob Bönnighausen
Jakob BönnighausenAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3384
, Jörg Bergemann
Jörg BergemannAffiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Sigmaringen, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3385
, Wilhelm Schäfer
Wilhelm SchäferAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3386
 and Jörg Bormann
Jörg BormannAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
For correspondence: joerg.bormann@uni-hamburg.de
Bio-protocol author page: a3387
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1518 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1887.

[Abstract] The filamentous ascomycete Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight, a devastating disease of cereals with a worldwide distribution. Fusarium graminearum infections result in a quantitative yield reduction by impairing the growth of the kernels, and a qualitative reduction by ...

Antifungal and Zearalenone Inhibitory Activity of Ocimum sanctum L. Essential Oil on Fusarium graminearum Determined by UHPLC and RT-qPCR

Authors: Naveen Kumar Kalagatur
Naveen Kumar KalagaturAffiliation: Food Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3404
, Nirmaladevi Dhamodaran
Nirmaladevi DhamodaranAffiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3405
, Chandranayaka Siddaiah
Chandranayaka SiddaiahAffiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mysore University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3406
, Venkataramana Mudili
Venkataramana MudiliAffiliation: Toxicology and Immunology Division, DRDO-BU-Centre for Life Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
For correspondence: ramana.micro@gmail.com
Bio-protocol author page: a3407
 and Murali Harishchandra Sreepathi
Murali Harishchandra SreepathiAffiliation: Food Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Bio-protocol author page: a3448
,  date: 8/5/2016, 1433 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1893.

[Abstract] Fusarium graminearum has been given special attention in the context of agricultural commodities due to its ability to grow in diverse climatic conditions, and to produce different mycotoxins including zearalenone (ZEA) and type-B trichothecenes, which cause ill health effects on humans, animals and ...

In vitro Cell Wall Stress Assay for Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Elena Pérez-Nadales
Elena Pérez-NadalesAffiliation: Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: elena.pereznadales@imibic.org
Bio-protocol author page: a3465
 and Antonio Di Pietro
Antonio Di PietroAffiliation: Departamento de Genética, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3466
,  date: 9/5/2016, 1427 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1915.

[Abstract] In this protocol we describe a cell wall stress assay for the fungal pathogen F. oxysporum, based on exposure to the two anionic dyes Calcofluor White (CFW) and Congo Red (CR). Both compounds have been used to exert stress upon the fungal cell wall in vitro (Perez-Nadales and Di Pietro, 2015; Perez-Nadales ...

Determination of Intracellular ATP Levels in Mycelium of Fusarium oxysporum

Authors: Carmen Ruiz-Roldan
Carmen Ruiz-RoldanAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
For correspondence: ge2rurom@uco.es
Bio-protocol author page: a3318
 and M. Isabel G. Roncero
M. Isabel G. RonceroAffiliation: Departamento de Genetica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Cordoba, Spain
Bio-protocol author page: a3319
,  date: 7/20/2016, 1396 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.1869.

[Abstract] Glycolysis provides metabolites for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation during vegetative growth of Fusarium oxysporum. Therefore, determination of intracellular ATP levels might be of valuable help to analyze regulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. The protocol described here ...

Highly Accurate Real-time Measurement of Rapid Hydrogen-peroxide Dynamics in Fungi

Authors: Michael Mentges
Michael MentgesAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Bio-protocol author page: a3933
 and Jörg Bormann
Jörg BormannAffiliation: Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
For correspondence: joerg.bormann@uni-hamburg.de
Bio-protocol author page: a3387
,  date: 12/20/2016, 1210 views, 0 Q&A
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.2080.

[Abstract] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are unavoidable by-products of aerobic metabolism. Despite beneficial aspects as a signaling molecule, ROS are principally recognized as harmful agents that act on nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Reactive oxygen species, and, in particular, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ...
1 
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